Genes and Alcoholism

According to psychiatrists, genes play an important role in the development of alcoholism. Certain body and brain processes and the way they interact with each other and with the person’s experiences in life determine his vulnerability towards this habit or protection from it. Certain genes related to alcoholism have also been identified.

Extensive research has shown that a variation of the dopamine receptor genes in humans creates a tendency towards opiates and endorphin releasing drugs and alcohol.

Gamma-aminobutyric acid or GABA is another inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain said to be associated with alcoholism. Studies have shown that a certain enzyme called glutamate decarboxylase or GAD plays a major role as a synthesizer of this GABA.

GABA plays the role of reducing the excitement causing neuro activities in the brain thereby giving a stable and sedate feeling. Alcohol consumption has shown to increase the level of GABA providing a sedate and numb feeling to the drinker.

As one starts consuming alcohol more and more, the counter mechanism that sets in reduces the GABA production thereby forcing the drinker to increase his alcohol consumption. According to researchers, genetic background plays a major role in instigating a person towards alcoholism. This happens when there is a creation of physical and psychological memories in a person creating a craving for alcohol in the body.

Research is being done on an extensive basis to determine the extent or role played by GABA in making a person alcohol dependent. As of now there is no conclusive explanation for this theory.